Hypoallergenic diet for children and adults - allowed and prohibited foods, menu

An urgent problem of the modern man is allergy. It is a type of reaction of the body to the action of particular substances called allergens. A person encounters these while breathing, eating or coming in contact with the skin. Allergic men and women, Can affect children and adults. The main method of its treatment and prevention is a diet with a hypoallergenic diet. It is suitable not only for allergy sufferers, but also for nursing mothers who, with the help of such a menu, breast milkcan improve the quality of

what is a hypoallergenic diet

In medicine, allergy is a condition in which there is an increased sensitivity to external or internal stimuli. In this case, the human body regards harmless substances as antigens. Even with minimal exposure to the individual with the allergen, large amountsIgE is produced in. Mechanism of formation of an allergic reaction:

1. The immunoglobulin IgE, after the first contact with the allergen, detects it and binds to mast cells and basophils (cells of the immune system).
2. The result is a complex. It contains an allergen, IgE, and a mast cell or basophil.
3. The complex with basophils along with the bloodstream enters various organs: skin, nose, lungs, stomach, and with mast cells it remains immobile.
4. After re-entering the body, basophils and mast cells secrete special substances - histamine and serotonin. They are necessary to counteract the irritant.

Serotonin with histamine and causes allergic reactions: spasm of smooth muscles and expansion of capillaries, leading to thickening of the blood and edema. Since allergies are often caused by food, in addition to antihistamines, diet should be included in the treatment regimen. It also plays an important role in allergies caused by drugs used in rearing birds and animals (antibiotics, salicylates). The diet is based on the following principles:

• Exclusion of products that contain crosses and cause allergies;
• eat only fresh products;
• rejection of histaminoliberators - products that cause the gastrointestinal tract to secrete histamine from its cells: chocolate, cow's milk, coffee, wheat bran, orange juice;
• restriction in the diet of animal proteins;
• Exclusion of products and products preserved with dyes, preservatives and flavourings;
• ban on simple carbohydrates, salt, fried, spicy and salty foods, alcohol;
• Rejection of histamine carriers - foods with a high level of histamine in the composition (tomatoes, strawberries, hazelnuts, cocoa, spinach).

general principles

For allergy sufferers, there is a special diet - table No. 5 GA (hypoallergenic). It is based on therapeutic diet No. 5, prescribed for diseases of the biliary system and liver. Adults 3 weeks according to the principles of table No. 5, children - should be eaten for 10 days. This is enough for the permanent disappearance of allergic manifestations. In the future, the diet is designed taking into account the following principles:

• When symptoms begin to subside, you can switch from antiallergenic foods to a less restrictive diet and gradually expand your diet with foods with moderate allergenic activity.
• First, boiled low-fat white fish, bread, fresh onions, fruit purees, compotes are introduced.
• During the diet, foods are boiled or boiled. Frying and cooking will increase the allergen content.
• Nutrition should be complete in terms of proteins, fats and slow carbohydrates.
• Each new dietary product is introduced no more often than once every 3 days. If there is no negative reaction to it, you can leave it on the menu.
• The optimal nutrition option is fractional, reaching up to 5-6 times the number of meals per day.
• Products with easily digestible carbohydrates are completely prohibited: sweets, honey, jam, chocolate. Instead of sugar, you can use aspartame, saccharin or xylitol.
• If the cause of the allergy is not identified, all important allergens should be excluded: strawberries, nuts, chocolate, honey, eggs, seafood, caviar, citrus fruits, watermelon, tomatoes.
• It is important to enrich the diet with calcium, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. This trace element is found in cottage cheese, fermented milk products.
• All dishes containing allergenic products are excluded from the diet menu. For example, if a reaction is manifested in the egg itself, then you need to abandon cream, mayonnaise, casseroles, enriched flour products.

Signal

Dieting is not only effective for food allergies. A special diet helps reduce the effects of allergens and other groups (medicinal, fungal, pollen, household). On a diet, a person can experience an increase in clinical symptoms of the following diseases. Minimizes the risk:

• Quincke's edema;
• allergic rhinitis;
• hives;
• pathologies of the digestive system, in which the process of assimilation of nutrients is disrupted;
• atopic dermatitis;
• asthma;
• hay fever.

List of hypoallergenic foods

When preparing the first course, it is recommended to use vegetable broth without frying. He should be weak, i. e. water is drained after 1-2 boils. It is allowed to add various garden herbs. It is useful to use porridge, buckwheat, wheat from cereals. Potatoes are allowed as a side dish in the form of mashed potatoes, but cooked only in water. From fermented milk products, you canOne can use low-fat fresh cottage cheese, yogurt without additives.

To enrich the body with fat, you need to include sunflower or olive oil in the diet. Pasta should be made only from durum wheat. Other hypoallergenic products:

Name	Calorie per 100 g, kcal	Fat per 100 g, g	Carbohydrates per 100 grams, g	Protein per 100 g, g
vegetables, herbs
Eggplant	24	0. 1	4. 5	1, 2
Pumpkin	24	0. 3	4. 6	0. 6
Cucumbers	15	0. 1	2. 8	0. 8
Cabbage	27	0. 1	0. 1	1. 8
squash	19	0. 1	4. 3	0. 6
broccoli	28	0, 4	5. 2	3. 0
parsley	12	0. 1	2. 1	0. 9
Masur lentils	284	1. 5	42. 7	24. 0
Garlic	143	0. 5	29. 9	6. 5
asparagus	Twenty	0. 1	3. 1	1. 9
Onion	41	0. 0	10. 4	1. 4
legumes	123	0. 5	21. 5	7. 8
Cereal
Porridge	342	6. 1	59. 5	12. 3
Cereal	313	3. 3	62. 1	12. 6
wheat bran	296	3. 8	53. 6	15. 1
Semolina	328	1. 0	73. 3	10. 3
Cereal	366	7. 2	69. 3	11. 9
Fruit
peach	46	0. 1	11. 3	0. 9
nectarines	48	0. 2	11. 8	0. 9
Apple	47	0, 4	9. 8	0, 4
Rahila	42	0. 2	10. 9	0, 4
milk products
kefir 0%	Thirty	0. 1	3. 8	3. 0
Kefir 1%	40	1. 0	4. 0	2. 8
Yogurt 0. 6%	88	0. 6	1. 8	18. 0
Meat
boiled chicken	170	7. 4	0. 0	25. 2
boiled turkey fillet	130	1. 0	0. 0	25. 0
boiled beef	254	16. 8	0. 0	25. 8
beef stew	232	18. 3	0. 0	16. 8
a fish
Flonder	90	3. 0	0. 0	15. 7
halbut	103	3. 0	0. 0	18. 9
COD	69	0. 6	0. 0	16. 0
sea kelp	49	5. 1	0. 0	0. 8
drink
rose juice	70	0. 0	17. 6	0. 1

prohibited foods

The list of prohibited foods includes fish and meat broths. It is also necessary to refuse from a hypoallergenic diet from fatty varieties of red meat, poultry (goose and duck), whole milk, and most types of sausages. Citrus fruits, sweets, marineFood (squid, mussels, shrimp) are strong allergens. The same applies to all salty foods, pickles, canned food. The ban also includes:

• Red currant;
• Lemon, Mango, Grapes, Grapes, Pomegranate, Banana, Orange, Tangerine;
• nuts, raisins;
• carrots, lettuce, tomatoes;
• White rice;
• jams, sweets, ice cream, cakes;
• condensed milk, sour cream 30%, 40%, cottage cheese, cottage cheese 18%;
• vinegar, mayonnaise;
• lamb, smoked chicken, sausage, sausage, pork fat;
• semi-finished fish and canned food, mackerel, sardines, caviar;
• butter margarine, coconut and palm oils;
• white sweet and dry wines, vodka, cognac, beer, liqueur;
• Cola, Coffee, Pepsi, Sprite;
• Cranberry.

hypoallergenic diet menu

Keeping a food diary can help reduce allergies when eating a hypoallergenic diet. In this, you can record the foods or foods you use for the diet and the reaction to them. Due to this, the correct identification of allergiesIn addition, a diary will make it easier to track how varied your diet is. This is important because scientists have found that with the same menu, allergies are more likely to develop. In the diary, you can write down several options for a hypoallergenic diet menu, and only then buy the necessary ingredients.

for children

The hypoallergenic menu for a child is made according to the same principles as for adults. There is only one significant difference - long-term adherence to such a diet leads to a high risk of deficiency of proteins, carbohydrates and micronutrients. This leads to physiologicalThere is a delay in development. Table No. 5 is used for the onset only for 7-10 days, depending on the state of health. Then the doctor selects individual hypoallergenic products for children. Recipe list:

diet menu options	Breakfast	dinner	dinner
1	Viscous buckwheat porridge, cottage cheese, apple, tea.	Potato soup with noodles, steamed meat cutlets with boiled vegetables, compote.	Boiled potatoes, boiled meat with tea.
2	Oat flakes in water, dried crackers.	Carrot Lean Beef Soup, Corn Salad, Chinese Cabbage and Cucumber Salad.	Steamed beef dumplings with steamed cauliflower, compote.
3	Buckwheat flakes with kefir.	Mashed potatoes, boiled cauliflower, lean veal, berry jelly in water.	Chicken stew with peas and vegetables.

for adults

If the hypoallergenic diet for children lasts 7-10 days, then adults can follow it longer - up to 2-3 weeks. There is practically no difference in the menu in both cases, since the antidote for its manufacture-The same list of allergic products is used. Dietary options for the day for adults:

menu options	Breakfast	dinner	dinner
1	Buckwheat mashed oatmeal, green tea with croutons, baked apples.	Steam Chicken Cutlets, Vegetable Soup, Rosehip Broth.	Tea with Vinaigrette, Diet Cookies.
2	Semolina porridge on the water, low-fat fresh cottage cheese, apple juice with biscuit.	Meat cutlets, vegetable soup with wheat grits, tea with biscuit biscuits.	Pea puree, meatballs.
3	Cheese casserole, kefir.	Veal cutlets, buckwheat porridge, vegetable soup.	Cabbage and zucchini soup, steamed cutlets, rosehip broth.

hypoallergenic recipe

The basic principle of choosing dishes is that the prepared food should have a beneficial effect on the digestive system. For this reason, salting, fermentation and fermentation are completely excluded. Steaming or boiling is considered gentle for the stomach. Such preparation methods help to reduce the allergenic activity of the ingredients used. Fruits and vegetables are also best eaten not raw, but stewed or baked.

First

Mainly soups are included in the list of hypoallergenic dishes first. Potatoes are often used for cooking. It is recommended to pre-soak in cold water. In order to reduce the starch content in a vegetableIt takes a few hours. Soup stock should be the second or third. This means that after boiling, the liquid is drained 1-2 times. So the fat content in the finished soup will be much less.

Vegetable Soup with Wheat Grains

The peculiarity of this soup lies in a special ingredient - celery. Recipes with it are often found in various diets, including hypoallergenic ones. Celery tastes like carrots with parsley. Its leaves have a pungent and fresh aroma. The benefits of celery are manifested not only for allergies, but also for weight loss. In soups according to this recipe, it is combined with potatoes, cabbage and dill. Garlic adds a little spice to the food.

Component:

• onions - 0. 5-1 pc . ;
• white cabbage - 100 g;
• Shredded wheat grains (bulgur) - 50 g;
• celery - 1 small root;
• Water - 1. 5-1. 6 l;
• potato tubers - 3 pcs . ;
• dill or other greens - 1 branch;
• Garlic cloves - 2 pcs.

cooking method:

1. Boil water, dip bulgur in it.
2. Next, chop the peeled potatoes and put in the broth.
3. Peel and finely chop the onion, add to the rest of the ingredients.
4. Rinse celery, dip in broth.
5. After boiling again, reduce the heat.
6. Simmer under the lid for 15-20 minutes.
7. Take out some potatoes, mash them and come back.
8. Wash and dry the cabbage leaves, chop them and put them in the almost ready soup.
9. Cook for another 10 minutes, then remove and discard the celery.
10. Finely chop the greens and cloves of garlic, season the soup with them.

Potato soup with noodles

This dish requires a minimum amount of food. The soup is suitable for both adults and children. Onions in the broth are practically not felt, as they are steamed. Due to the fact that the vegetable begins to cook. The meat turns out very tasty. It is permissible to replace the chicken with lean beef, but this will make the soup a little thicker, and it will take 30-60 minutes to cook.

Component:

• small onion - 1 pc . ;
• greens - to your taste;
• chicken fillet - 800 g;
• premium vermicelli - 200 g;
• potato tubers - 4-5 pcs . ;
• water - 4 l.

cooking method:

1. Pour well-washed meat with water, put the pan on maximum heat.
2. Bring to a boil, drain the liquid.
3. Again pour the same amount of water, boil again, remove the foam.
4. At this time, peel the onion from the husk, finely chop, add to the broth.
5. Reduce the heat, cook for 30-40 minutes until the meat is ready, then take it out, cut into pieces and send back.
6. Cook the vermicelli separately in slightly salted water. This is necessary to prevent the broth from becoming cloudy due to sediment.
7. Peel, wash and chop the potatoes. Dip the slices into the broth, cook for 5 minutes.
8. Then fill the soup with boiled noodles.

Second

Main dishes are also vegetables or meat. Cutlets, dumplings, meatballs and meatballs are mostly steamed. Meat can be mashed, goulash and even beef stroganoff or soufflé. In the recipe for the last dish, mincedMeat is mixed with milk sauce, yolk and whipped white. Soufflé is already suitable for the stage when you gradually begin to introduce foods with a moderate level of allergy. Vegetables with a side to meatCan be served as a dish, but they are only stewed, boiled or baked, as frying increases the allergenicity of the ingredients.

Cabbage and Zucchini Puree Soup

The advantage of puree soup is a homogeneous soft consistency, due to which the dish does not irritate the stomach and intestines. In such dishes not only meat, but also vegetables are used. An unusual combination - zucchini and cauliflower. The taste of the first vegetableIt is neutral and therefore combined with many ingredients. In addition, they have no contraindications. Cauliflower is not recommended for gastrointestinal problems.

Component:

• Zucchini - 2-3 pcs . ;
• onion head - 1 pc . ;
• celery - 5-7 stalks;
• parsley - 1-2 branches;
• water or weak vegetable broth - 1 liter;
• Cauliflower - 1 small head of cabbage;
• low-fat sour cream - 100 g.

cooking method:

1. Divide the cauliflower florets into small ones, peel the zucchini, then wash the vegetables, including the celery.
2. Cut onion heads into cubes. Repeat the same with zucchini, celery, cauliflower.
3. Place all the vegetables in the bottom of a saucepan and cover with water. Bring to a boil, stirring until the ingredients soften.
4. Then cool, put in a blender bowl, beat until smooth.
5. Pour the mass back into the saucepan, add sour cream, simmer for a couple of minutes over low heat.
6. When serving, sprinkle with chopped herbs.

steam dumplings

Kneads are understood as a kind of dumplings - small balls prepared on the basis of minced meat from fish, poultry or other meat. The difference between dumpling mass and cutlet mass is that it is more fluffy and tenderFor this reason, dumplings are more suitable for children and dietary hypoallergenic diets. Another feature of such a dish is steam, due to which the meat retains more vitamins. In addition, the steaming is easier for the stomach to digest. Is.

Component:

• low-fat milk - 2 tbsp . ;
• egg white - 2 pcs . ;
• beef pulp - 800 g;
• Wheat bread - 1 piece.

cooking method:

1. Soak the bread in half of the whole milk, leave for half an hour.
2. At this time, grind the meat through a meat grinder.
3. Squeeze the bread, put in the minced meat, grind everything through a sieve.
4. Mix the resulting mass thoroughly, add egg white.
5. Add remaining milk.
6. Shape the minced meat into medium balls and place in a steaming dish. Cook for 15 minutes.

Sweet

Although sweets are banned with a hypoallergenic diet, you can still diversify your menu with goodies. You just need to cook them properly. The best hypoallergenic desserts are those based on fruit, kefir or cottage cheese. The main thing is that fermented milk products are not sour. An ordinary pear, chopped into pieces or ground to a puree state, will add sweetness to them. Cheese is the best base for a casserole. It is allowed with the addition of fruits. Can also be prepared together. Baked apples are a popular dessert of the latter. They are also combined with cottage cheese - it turns out tasty and healthy.

Cheese Casserole

Since eggs belong to the category of products with a high level of allergenic activity, they are not recommended to be used with a hypoallergenic diet, especially for children. Casseroles can be prepared without these ingredients. From flour to semolinaIt is also easy to replace, which will give the dish a dense consistency. To add a sweet taste, it is permissible to add any hypoallergenic fruit to yogurt. Sugar should be added after the end of a strict diet, ie. after 7-10 days.

Component:

• pears - 3 pcs . ;
• low-fat cottage cheese - 400 g;
• sugar - 1 tsp;
• semolina - 4 tbsp. l . ;
• Kefir or yogurt without any additives - 3 tbsp. l

cooking method:

1. Take a bowl, in which to add cottage cheese with curd or kefir, mix well.
2. Pour cereal, sugar. Stir again.
3. Wash pears, peel, chop finely.
4. Add the fruit to the curd mass, stir, transfer to a greased baking dish.
5. Send in the oven for half an hour. The optimum temperature is 180 degrees.

baked apples

This is the most popular diet and at the same time hypoallergenic dessert. Since it is not recommended for allergy sufferers to eat fresh fruits, they can be baked. It will turn out not only tasty, but also good for the stomach. Apples are the perfect fruit for this dessert. They are baked not only in the oven, but also in the microwave, so the delicacy is prepared very quickly and easily. To make the dessert even more useful, you can add cottage cheese to the fruitDo not use only those dishes where honey must be poured inside the apple.

Component:

• apples - 3 pcs . ;
• sour cream with low fat percentage - 2 tbsp. l. ;
• cottage cheese - 100 g;
• Vanillin - on the tip of a knife.

cooking method:

1. Wash the apples, cut off the core, but so that the bottom of the fruit remains intact and forms a kind of cup.
2. Mix cottage cheese with sour cream, add vanillin, bring the mass to a homogeneous consistency.
3. Fill the apples with the yogurt mixture.
4. Place the fruit on a baking sheet, send to bake for 25-30 minutes at 200 degrees.